Regiões, confiança e referências
Países ou regiões com impactos mais severosArgentina; Nova Zelândia
Locais de maior impactoArgentina, Nova Zelândia
Grau de confiançaAlta
Justificativa da confiançaImpactos da herbivoria bem conhecidos e análise retirada do artigo Volery et al. (2021)
Referências adicionais1. Relva, M. A., & Veblen, T. T. (1998). Impacts of introduced large herbivores on Austrocedrus chilensis forests in northern Patagonia, Argentina. Forest Ecology and management, 108(1), 27-40.; 2. Relva, M. A., Nunez, M. A., & Simberloff, D. (2010). Introduced deer reduce native plant cover and facilitate invasion of non-native tree species: evidence for invasional meltdown. Biological Invasions, 12(2), 303-311.; 3. Veblen, T. T., Mermoz, M., Martin, C., & Ramilo, E. (1989). Effects of exotic deer on forest regeneration and composition in northern Patagonia. Journal of Applied Ecology, 711-724.; 4. Bowman, F. (2014). A pilot study examining the ecological and human dimensions of wild deer management, Nariel Valley Victoria. B. Sc.(Hons) Thesis, University of Canberra, Canberra.; 5. Smale, M. C., Hall, G. M. J., & Gardner, R. O. (1995). Dynamics of kanuka (Kunzea ericoides) forest on South Kaipara spit, New Zealand, and the impact of fallow deer (Dama dama). New Zealand Journal of Ecology, 131-141.; 6. Wardle, David A., et al. \"Introduced browsing mammals in New Zealand natural forests: aboveground and belowground consequences.\" Ecological monographs 71.4 (2001): 587614.; 7. Husheer, S. W., & Frampton, C. M. (2005). Fallow deer impacts on Wakatipu beech forest. New Zealand Journal of Ecology, 83-94.; 8. Lecomte, X., Fedriani, J. M., Caldeira, M. C., Clemente, A. S., Olmi, A., & Bugalho, M. N. (2016). Too many is too bad: Long-term net negative effects of high density ungulate populations on a dominant Mediterranean shrub. PloS one, 11(7), e0158139.; 9. oys, A. C., Fuller, R. J., & Dolman, P. M. (2004). Influences of deer browsing, coppice history, and standard trees on the growth and development of vegetation structure in coppiced woods in lowland England. Forest Ecology and Management, 202(1), 23-37.; 10. Gill, R. M. A., & Morgan, G. (2010). The effects of varying deer density on natural regeneration in woodlands in lowland Britain. Forestry, 83(1), 53-63.; 11. Gill, R., & Fuller, R. J. (2007). The effects of deer browsing on woodland structure and songbirds in lowland Britain. Ibis, 149(s2), 119-127.; 12. Putman, R. J. Grazing in temperate ecosystems: large herbivores and the ecology of the New Forest. (1986).; 13. Putman, R. J., Edwards, P. J., Mann, J. C. E., How, R. C., & Hill, S. D. (1989). Vegetational and faunal changes in an area of heavily grazed woodland following relief of grazing. Biological Conservation, 47(1), 13-32.; 14. Morecroft, M. D., Taylor, M. E., Ellwood, S. A., & Quinn, S. A. (2001). Impacts of deer herbivory on ground vegetation at Wytham Woods, central England. Forestry, 74(3), 251-257.; 15. Volery L, Jatavallabhula D., Scillitani L, Bertolino S, Bacher S. 2021. Ranking alien species based on their risks of causing environmental impacts: A global assessment of alien ungulates. Global Change Biology 27(5): 1003-1016